1. COMPOUND SENTENCE

 consists of two or more main clauses, which are independent on each other
 clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions (such as and, and then, but, for, nor, or, so, yet, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but), adverb or adverbial phrase
 using these conjunctions we can express
- addition (and, neither…nor)
I washed the dishes and cleaned the kitchen
- continuation (and then)
I was reading a book and then I watched TV.
- contrast (but, yet)
John phoned this morning, but he didn’t leave a message.
- choice (or, either…or)
We can stay at home or have a dinner in a restaurant.
- result (so)
She didn’t show up at the party, so I went home.
- reason (for)
We don’t usually eat out, for we can’t afford it.
 when the subject is identical in all parts of the sentence, it’s not necessary to repeat it
 the subject is usually repeated after so
 the subject must be repeated after for
 there isn’t usually a comma in front of and
 there is often a comma in front of other conjunctions



2. COMPLEX SENTENCE

 consists of one main clause and one or more dependent clauses
 dependent clause is subordinate to the main clause
 clauses are connected by subordinate conjunctions (such as after, when, that, whether, since…), relative pronouns
 there are three main types of dependent clauses
- nominal clauses
- relative clauses
- adverbial clauses

2.1 NOMINAL CLAUSE
 may function as a subject, object or subject complement
 there are four types of nominal clauses
- nominal declarative clauses
- nominal interrogative clauses
- nominal exclamative clauses
- nominal relative clauses

2.1.1. NOMINAL DECLARATIVE CLAUSE
 derived from statement
 sometimes called ‘that clauses’, because the typical conjunction for this type of clause is that
 nominal declarative clause is often used after ‘reporting verbs’ (such as tell, say, know, think)
 that can be usually omitted
It’s a shame (that) you have to leave.

2.1.2 NOMINAL INTERROGATIVE CLAUSE
 derived from question
 there are two types of nominal interrogative clauses
- derived from yes/no questions
- conjunctions if, whether
- used after ‘reporting verbs’ (such as tell, ask, want to know)
Ask her if she’s alright.