Slovak language

Great-homeland of Slavonics was north Carpatian, between rivers the Visla, the Bug, the Dneper. They spoke Old Church Slavonic and this language is descendtant of Indo – europan language. Now this language is extinct. This tribe spread to all directions. Today we know 3 groups: west, south, east. Old Hungarians and Avars threatended particularly west Slavonic. Slavonic formed to one unit- Sam´s empire. They were at war with Avars and Old Hungarian.
In 833 arose new country ”Veľkomoravská ríša“. One of lords Rastislav (846 – 870) wanted to have in his country people, who would propagated religoin. He wanted byzantine caesar to send him these people. He sent Konštantín and Metod in 863. They made new language “Staroslovienčina“. Konštantín made new letters “hlaholika“. After his death their students went to Bulgaria and called the letters “cyrilika“. It was first letters and official language of Slovanic. Step by step from “cyrilika“ was made letters “azbuka“. Before year 907 ”Veľkomoravská ríša“ faded.
In 1787 Anton Bernolák codified first literary language “bernolákovčina“, but this attempt was not successful. In this time was our land part of empire “Rakúsko – Uhorsko“. In 1843 Ľudovít Velislav Štúr, Michal Miloslav Hodža, Jozef Miloslav Hurban agreed at base rules of new literary language “štúrovčina“. They wrote grammar of it and these books called “Nárečia slovenskuo alebo potreba písaňja v tomto nárečí“ and “Náuka reči slovenskej“. In 1852 M.Hattala published book “Krátka mluvnica slovenská“. He repaired some rules of “štúrovčina“. After Hattala´s reform was literary slovak language accepted as general language form. And this language has been used up to now and we call it slovak language.
It is a lot of words, which our language borrowed. For example “mahatma“, “maharadža“, “maharáni“ from Indian language; „cynik“, “magma“, “magnetický“ from Greek language; “pisoár“, “blondína“, grimasa“ from French language; “kovbojka“, “bombastický“, “lord“ from English language; “algoritmus“, “šejk“, “mešita“ from Arabic language; “šarlach“, “šerm“, “šlukovať“ from German language; “tajga“, “boľševik“ from Russian language.
Almost each part of our country has got its own dialect. People in the west speak hard. In the central country people speak softly and dialect of the east is something special, the others often say the east people sing. Words are different in each dialect.

Potatoes (zemiaky) mean in east dialect “bandurky” or “grule”, in west “zemáky” and in south “krumple”. They say ”kapura” instead of “brána” (gate). They say “valal” instead of “dedina” (village); “švablíky” instead of “zápalky” (matches); “biglais” instead of “žehlička” (iron); “drišľak” instead of “cedítko” (sieve); “džiredlo” instead of “zrkadlo” (mirror); “šifoner” instead of “kredenec” (cupboard) and “gerok” instead of “kabát” (jacket); “parazot” instead of “dáždnik”(umbrella); “večkaj” instead of “neskôr” (after); “špajza” instead of “komora” (larder); “utotim momence” or “takoj” instead of “okamžite” (immediately); “dižďuje” instead of “pršať” (rain); “šedni sebe” instead of “sadni si” (sit down); “firhang” instead of “záves” (curtain). Speak (hovoriť) mean in east dialect “havaric” or “hutorec”, in west “vyprávať” and stupid (hlúpy) mean in west dialect “nemtavý”, “lajbavý” or “mantavý”.