The human body

THE HUMAN BODY

The human body consists of a bony skeleton and muscles. The three parts of the body are the head, the trunk and the limbs. (extremities). The head, which is partly covered with hair contains the brain, the center of the nervous system. The parts of the face are the forehead, the temples, the eyebrows, the eyes, the ears, the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the jaw and the chin.

The eyes are protected by the eyelids and eyelashes. People with bad sight are advised to wear glasses. Those who cannot see are blind. The eyes are the organs of sight.

The nose is the organ of smell and the ears are the organs of hearing. Those who cannot hear are deaf (hard of hearing), and those who cannot speak are dumb.

The nerves of the skin are the organs of touch. The five senses are : sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch.
The main parts of the mouth are the lips, the tongue, the teeth, the palate and the gums. We have two sets of teeth in our life-time. The first are the milk teeth and the second are the permanent teeth. If we lose our permanent teeth the doctor provides us with false teeth (crowns, bridges and dentures). We bite our food with the teeth and after it is mixed with saliva in the oral cavity it passes down the throat into the stomach.

The head is attached to the trunk by the neck. The trunk includes the chest (front), the back, the shoulders and the abdomen (tummy, belly). The internal organs which cannot be seen are the lungs, the stomach, the liver with the gall-bladder, the spleen, the kidneys and the bowels (intestines). We need our lungs for breathing and the heart pumps the blood through the body.

The arms and legs are called limbs. The leg is composed of the thigh, the knee, the calf and the foot. Each foot has a heel, a sole and five toes. The arm consists of the upper and lower arm, forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. The inner side of the hand is the palm. Each hand is composed of four fingers and one thumb. (forefinger/index finger/, meddle finger, ring finger, little finger). The fingertips are protected with nails.

The movement of our body is produced by expansion and contraction of the muscles. The muscles are connected with the bones by sinews, the bones are bound together by ligaments. There are 230 bones in the human body.