3.4 Scientific Prose Style in the English Language

The language of science is governed by the aim of the functional style of the scientific prose, which is to prove a hypothesis, to create new concepts, to disclose the internal law of existence, development, relations between different phenomena, etc.
Scientific prose style`s means are objective, accurate and non-enthusiastic and they lack the individuality. Typical feature is that expressions should be universalised.
One of the branches of the scientific (technical ) style is popular-scientific style, the other levels can be academic and professional, all differentiated by the vocabulary, when the former uses transferred Latin and Greek words and the latter operates with formal terms used by experts. The third category is popular level.
The first characteristic is that the utterance is logically ordered. They suggest the relations and dependences. Scientific prose style has the most varied and developed system of connectives from all other styles.

Terms and special scientific names should be produced in exact and unambiguous way. They cannot cause any different associacions, in order not to break the unambiguousity of the scientific prose texts. Typical is also the usage of specific terms according to the field of study. The main thing, which motivates the creation of neologisms, is the necessity to penetrate into the basis of phenomena. When choosing a word from the vocabulary in the scientific prose style, the chief meaning of the word always tend to be used. The same words should not be used in more than one meaning. New terms are commonly followed or proceed by an explication.
The exchange of terms among several scientific branches was created by virtue of the scientific ideas interpretation. The exchange of terminology among the scientific branches demonstrates their cooperation. Sentence patterns are the next typical feature of this style. There are three types: postulator, argumentative and formulative.

A scientific hypothesis must be expressed on known, formulated facts. “The writer`s own ideas are shaped in formulae which represent a doctrine or theory of the principle, an argument, the result of an investigation, etc.”
Among other scientific style features belongs the use of quotations and allusions, diverged footnotes, impersonal composition which is usually represented by passive constructions. The impersonal passive constructions are frequently used with verbs suppose, assume, presume, conclude, emphasize, point out, etc.