The Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland is insular state in Atlantic ocean. The main island of British Island includes England, Wales and Scotland. It is the biggest island in Europe. Around the island is a lot of other islands and a smaller isles, but the most popular are Isle of Wight, Hebrides, Orkneys and Shetlands.

Great Britain is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the northwest, north and southwest and is separated from European continent by the North sea and English Channel. The country has mild and rainy climate. The population of Great Britain is more than 60 million people. Major industries include iron and steel engineering, textiles, plastics, cotton, electronics, wool, shipbuilding and food products. Coal mining is one of the country´s the most important industries. The chief agricultural products are wheat, barley, oats, potatoes, sugar beet, milk and meat. Great Britain comprises England, Wales and Scotland. It includes four nations different in their way of life, customs and traditions.

Scotland has been a part of Great Britain since 1707 but the Scottish people remain very independent and proud of their culture-playing bagpipes, wearing kilts woolen knitwear, Scotch whisky. The most beautiful part of Scotland is the region known as Highlands with the highest peak of Great Britain. The most famous lakes are Loch Lomond and Loch Ness. The capital of Scotland is Edinbugh dominated by its castle form 12 Th. century and full of attractive squares and tree-lined streets. Glasgow, the biggest town of Scotland is situated on the river Clyde and is known for its shipbuilding.

England is highly industrialised. London, the capital of England and of Great Britain, lies on the river Thames. The port of London is considered to be one of the best in the world, accessible to large cargo ships. It is also a cultural, scientific centre rich in museums, galleries, theatres, schools and universities. The principal mountains of England are Pennines, the Cheviot Hills on the border between England and Scotland and the Cumbrian Mountains in the Lake District. This District also contains the principal glacier lakes. The rest of countryside is remarkable for its greenfields, meadows and downs. Small villages and old market towns look beautiful with their well-kept gardens and houses. Big towns – Manchester, Sheffield, Newcastle, Liverpool have concentrated on industries based on coal, iron, steel and shipbuilding.

Wales is famous for its hills, long rivers and big lakes. The majority of people live in the coal-field and industrial region around Cardiff, the capital of Wales and Swansea. Wales is rich in culture in culture and history. Sometimes it is called The country of castles.

The System of Government: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is constitutional monarchy. Queen Elisabeth II. is the head of state, but in fact she has no real political power. The United Kingdom is actually governed by the Cabinet, consisting of about twenty ministers, which is headed by the prime Minister. They are responsible to parliament. It consists of the House of Lords and House of Commons.

Nationality: The Wales and the Scottish are original Celtic, although the English are original German, but they were influenced by the French during the history. A lot of inhabitants of Great Britain say that they are „really British“. All speak English, but in fact only the inhabitants of England are English, while those of Wales are the Welsh and those of Scotland are the Scots.