The economic crisis in the 1930s lasted relatively shortly.In World War II. Australian troops fought e. g. in the Near East. The japan planes bombed the town Darwin and they get near to Sydney. In this war Australia lose 27,000 soldiers. In 1951 Australia therefore signed the Pacific Security Treaty called also ANZUS. This fact caused, that Australia became more and more independet from the Commonwealth and orientated to USA, Asia and later to the EC. Australia embarked on a fresh period of expansion, wiht new mineral finds playing a large part in economic growth. In 1993 the Federal Parliament in Australia abolished the colonisation document (doctrine) – Terra Nullius Doktrin and so the aborigines in Australia became the same law as other Australians.

Political system of Australia

Australia is an independent sovereign nation within the Commonwealth, retaining the British monarch as head of state and represented by a governor general. As in the British system, the executive, comprising of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, is drawn from the Federal Parliament. The Parliament consists of two chambers: an elected Senate of 76 members (12 for each of the six states, two for the Australian Capital Territory, and two for the Northern Territory) and a House of Representatives of 148 members, elected by universal adult suffrage. Senators serve for six years, and members of the House for three years. Voting is compulsory: The Senate is elected by proportional representation, but the House of Representatives is elected as single-member constituencies with preferential voting. Each state has its own constitution, governor (the monarch´s representative), executive (drawn from the parliament), and legislative and judicial systém. Each territory has its own legislative assembly.








The states and territories Capital
New South Wales
Victoria
Queensland
South Australia
Western Australia
Tasmania
Northern Territory
Australian Capital Territory Sydney
Melbourne
Brisbane
Adelaide
Perth
Hobart
Darwin
Canberra

The main political parties are The Liberal Party, the National Party (normally in coalition), the Australian Labour Party and the Australian Democrats. The last relics of UK legislative control over Australia were removed in 1986.


The history of New Zealand

Before annexation, the British, the Americans and the French were active in various trades around New Zealand. Their whalers, traders and sealers were working around the New Zealand coastline.