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Collective defence in Europe
Dátum pridania: | 03.03.2004 | Oznámkuj: | 12345 |
Autor referátu: | sandro | ||
Jazyk: | Počet slov: | 1 041 | |
Referát vhodný pre: | Stredná odborná škola | Počet A4: | 3.7 |
Priemerná známka: | 3.01 | Rýchle čítanie: | 6m 10s |
Pomalé čítanie: | 9m 15s |
One of the most important articles is the fifth, which speaks like the article 51 of the United Nations charter about the collective help in case of an aggression against a member state. This sort of aggression will be rated as an aggression against the whole alliance. NATO is not a supranational institution; it is an organisation with an international influence, based on intergovernal cooperation principles. That means the members do not give away their independence in the hands of the alliance. NATO is functionally divided into two major units: political and military. The supreme decision-making organ is the Northatlantic committee. The planning is in the competence of the Defence planning commission, where all the countries, which are participating in the military unit (part) of the alliance, are present. Existing since 1967, the Nuclear planning group deals with the mapping of the problematics of the atomic weapons and defence against this sort of weaponary. The person in charge is the general secretary, who is also the chairman of the Northatlantic committe, Defence planning commission and Nuclear planning group. After 1966 (when France abdicated on the membership in the military unit) some changes occurred in the military unit of the NATO: since this year represents the highest instance the Military commission. The members of the Military unit are here represented by the HQ officers and the non-members are represented by civil clerks or military attache. The executive agency is the International military HQ. Geographically is NATO divided into three regions:
european (SACEUR)
euroantlantic (SACLANT)
northamerican (CUSRPG)
Westeuropean union
This peace-keeping organisation, which is the successor of the Brusel pact signed in 1948, came in the 1984 to reorganisation process with the goal to establish a European Security and Defence Identity – ESDI. This agency should be an opponent to the Common Security and Foreign Policy (CSFP) which was formed by the European Union after the signing of the Maastricht act. Till now is the most important manifest is the Petersburg declaration, which was passed in June 1992. The EU also introduced additional declarations involving humanitarian and salvage actions, peacekeeping missions and crisis management. These responsibilities were included also in the intergovernal conference of the European Union during the days 16th and 17th July 1997 in Amsterdam. That means the Act of Amsterdam defines the Westeuropean union as an armed compound of the EU and a defence pier of the CSFP.
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