referaty.sk – Všetko čo študent potrebuje
Klement
Sobota, 23. novembra 2024
Money, history and controversy
Dátum pridania: 29.01.2002 Oznámkuj: 12345
Autor referátu: matotam
 
Jazyk: Angličtina Počet slov: 2 069
Referát vhodný pre: Stredná odborná škola Počet A4: 6.5
Priemerná známka: 2.99 Rýchle čítanie: 10m 50s
Pomalé čítanie: 16m 15s
 

People started to use different kinds of goods to exchange for the goods they desired. There were some differences in different parts of world. Some where used precious stones, gems, jewels, gold, silver and other metals. In some part of world people used some other thing to purchase goods. American Indians used Wampum as money we can say.
Wampum-money used by American Indians
Wampum was usually made from the Northern Quahog, a hard-shell clam known to biologists as Mercenaria mercenaria. The name "quahog" is a variation of the Native American name for the clam. The quahog got its Latin name in 1758, when Linneaus himself picked the word mercenaria, because he knew that beads of quahog shell were used for currency in 17th century New England, and "mercenaria", the Latin word for money, seemed to be appropriate. Three hundred years ago, wampum could buy enough land to start your own plantation. In fact, you could even use wampum to pay your taxes to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and pay your tuition at Harvard College. Wampum is typically a cylindrical bead, not a disk bead, and much of its value comes from the work that goes into drilling pieces of shell lengthwise.
Money used in history
In other parts of the world people usually started to make and use coins made from pieces of gold or silver. However the first coin was not a practical means of symbolizing exchange (as the economists believe). The earliest coins were temple tokens, pilgrimage souvenirs, detachable bits of holy power, made of substances at once chthonic (underground) and celestial (sun/moon, gold/ silver)--an exchange not between humans but between humans and spirits. As coinage is "secularized" it already appears as debased, polluted with lesser metals, subject to "inflation." But inflation is breath, i.e., and spirit. Money begins as half spirit half material, a doorway between worlds. But money becomes ever more spiritualized as it circulates through "History." Money is a Gnostic System, or an imaginable machine. Money has been used for something like 3000 years. City-states in the ancient Near East had extensive trade from city to city, and they used precious metals as a medium of exchange. When trades were settled a certain amount of metal could be used to settle the difference. There was a problem of quality control, however. There were problems of determining that the quantity and purity of the metal was as agreed. The answer was quality control and certification.
 
späť späť   1  |   2  |  3  |  4  |  5    ďalej ďalej
 
Copyright © 1999-2019 News and Media Holding, a.s.
Všetky práva vyhradené. Publikovanie alebo šírenie obsahu je zakázané bez predchádzajúceho súhlasu.