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Chémia Anorganická chémia - Vodík, halogény, vzácne plyny, chalkogény, pentely
Dátum pridania: | 10.11.2003 | Oznámkuj: | 12345 |
Autor referátu: | zvrablova | ||
Jazyk: | Počet slov: | 2 091 | |
Referát vhodný pre: | Stredná odborná škola | Počet A4: | 4.2 |
Priemerná známka: | 2.96 | Rýchle čítanie: | 7m 0s |
Pomalé čítanie: | 10m 30s |
výroba SO2-Cu+H2SO4(konc)= CuO +SO2+H2O,S+2H2SO4=3SO2+2H2O,Na2SO3+H2SO4=Na2SO4+SO2+H2O,výroba SO3-2SO2(g)+O2(g)=2SO3(g), lab.prí prava SO3-Fe2(SO4)3=(T)Fe2O3+3SO3, SO3(g)+H2O(l)=H2SO4(l),HSO3-(aq)+ H2O(l)=SO32-(aq)+H3O-(aq), NaOH(aq) +SO2(g)=NaHSO3(aq),CaCO3(s)+2SO2(g)+H2O(l)=Ca(HSO3)2+CO2,2KHSO3=(T)K2S2O5+H2O,NaHSO3+NaOH=Na2SO3+H2O,4K2SO3=(T)3K2SO4+K2S,MgSO3=(T)MgO+SO2,kys.sírová-auto protolýza-2H2SO4(l)=H3SO4+ (solv) + HSO4-(solv),2H2SO4=H2O+H2S2O7, (+H2O)-H2SO4+H2O=H3O++HSO4-,H2SO4+H2S2O7=H3SO4++HS2O7,oleum(1:3)-SO3+H2SO4=H2S2O7,oxidácia-Cu+H2SO4(konc)=CuO+SO2+H2O,Hg+2H2SO4=(T)HgSO4+SO2+2H2O,2Hg (nadbytok)+2H2SO4(konc)=(T)Hg2SO4+SO2+2H2O,Zn+2H2SO4(konc)=ZnSO4+SO2+2H2O,Zn+H2SO4(zriedená)= ZnSO4+H2,(B=H3BO3,C=CO2,H2S=S,HI=I2,HBr=Br2-H2SO4konc.),nitrózová výroba-O2+2NO=2NO2,NO2+SO2 + H2O=H2SO4+NO,kontaktná výroba-heterogénna katalýza-V2O5+SO2= 2VO +SO3 ,O2+ 4 VO2=2V2O5, SO3+H2O= H2SO4,H2SO4,H2SO4+KOH=KHSO4+H2O,H2SO4+Na2SO4=2NaHSO4,H2SO4+NaCl=NaHSO4+HCl,HSO4-(aq) +H2O (l)=SO42-(aq)+H3O+(aq),2NaHSO4= (T) Na2S2O7+H2O,2HSO4-=(e-) H2S2O7, H2S2O8 +2H2O=H2O2+2H2SO4,2HS-+4 HSO3-=3S2O32-+3H2O,SO3-+S=S2O32-, 2Na2S2O3+AgX= Na3/Ag(S2O3)2/ + NaX, -v nadbytku S2O32- vzniká Na5/Ag(S2O3)3/,likvidácia chlóru-anti chlór-Na2S2O3+4Cl2+5H2O = 2 NaHSO4 +8HCl,Na2S2O3+NaOH +Cl2 =Na2SO4+NaCl+H2O,Anal.činidlo v jo do metrii-2Na2S2O3+I2=Na2S4O6+2 NaI,PCl3+SO2=SOCl2+POCl3,SO3+Scl2=SOCl3+SO2,SO2+Cl2=SO2Cl2,SO3+ HCl=HSO3Cl,H2SO4+PCl5=HSO3Cl+ POCl3+HCl,2HSO3Cl=(T)SO2Cl2+H2SO4,prípravaSe a Te-2Na+Se=(T) Na2Se,Ca+Te=(T)CaTe,hydridy-Al2S3+ 6H2O=3H2Se+2Al(OH)3,FeTe+2HCl=H2Te+FeCl2,halogenidy-SeO2+2BrF3 =SeF6+Br2+O2,TeF6+6H2O=H6TeO6+6HF,oxidy-SeO3=SeO3=SeO2+1/2O2, H2SeO4=(P4O10,-H2O)SeO3,H6TeO6= (T)TeO3+ 3H2O ,H2MO3=(T)MO2+ H2O-M=Se a Te,SeO2+2SO2+2H2O = Se+2H2SO4,SeO2+4HI=Se+2I2+2H2O,SeO2+SeX4=(T)2SeOX2,2SeOCl2=SeOCl++SeOCl3-,oxokyseliny-SeO42-+4H++ 2e-=H2SeO3+H2O,H6TeO6+2H++2e-= TeO2+4H2O,2Au+6H2SeO4=Au2(SeO4)3+3H2SeO3+3H2O,H2SeO3+H2O2=H2SeO4+H2O,8H2SeO3+2KMnO4=5H2SeO4+K2SeO3+2MnSeO3+3H2O,Se+3Cl2+4H2O=H2SeO4+6HCl,5Te+6HClO3+12H2O=5H6TeO6+3Cl2,5TeO2+2KMnO4+6HNO3+12H2O=5H6TeO6+2KNO3+2Mn(NO3)2,BaSeO4+H2SO4=H2SeO4+ BaSO4,Ag6TeO6+6HCl=H2TeO6+6 AgCl,TeO2+H2O=H2TeO3,SeO2+H2O=H2SeO3,PoO(OH)2+2KOH=K2PoO3+2H2O,15.Skupina-N,P,As,Sb,Bi-Pente ly-lab.príprava-NH4NO2=(T)N2+2H2O, 2NaN3=(T)3N2+2Na,priama syntéza-N2+O2=(T)2NO,Serpakovov proces-Al2O3+3C+N2=(2100K)2AlN+3CO,6Li+N2=2Li3N,P4-výroba-P4-2Ca3(PO4)2 + 6SiO2+10C=(T)P4+6CaSiO3+10CO,molekulové nitridy-4NH3(l)+10S(s)=S4N4 + 6H2S,16NH3(g)+6S2Cl2(solv)=2 S4N2,ionové nitridy-3Ba(NH2)2=(T) Ba3N2+4NH3,3CaNH=(T)Ca3N2+NH3,Mg3N2+6H2O=2NH3+3Mg(OH)2,2Al+2NH3=2AlN+3H2,3Cu2O+2NH3=2 Cu3N+3H2O,CrCl3+NH3=CrN+3HCl, BiI3+3KNH2=BiN+3KI+2NH3,SbCl3+4NH3(l)=SbN+3NH4++3Cl-,Amoniak-plynný(g)-4NH3+3O2=N2+6H2O,4NH3+5O2=(K)4NO+6H2O,2NH3(g)+3CuO(s)=3Cu(s)+3H2O(g)+N2(g),2NH3(g)+3Cl2(g)=6 HCl(g)+N2(g),NH3(g)+HCl(g)=NH4Cl(g),Na(s)+NH3(g)=NaNH2(st)+1/2H2(g),-kvapalný(l)-autoprotolýza-2NH3(l)= NH4+ +NH2-,CH3COOH(l)+NH3 (l)= NH4++(solv)+CH3COO-(solv),HCN(g) +NH3(l)=NH4+(solv)+CN-(solv), amo nolýza=hydrolýza-HgCl2(s)+2NH3 (l) =HgClNH2(solv)+NH4+(solv)+Cl-(solv),SbCl3(s)+4NH3(l)=SbN(solv)+3NH4+(solv)+3Cl-(solv),-vodný roztok (aq) -NH3(aq)+H2O(l)=NH4+(aq)+OH-(aq),NH3(aq)+HX(aq)=NH4(aq)+X-(aq),lab.príprava-NH4Cl(aq)+NaOH (aq)=NH3(g)+NaCl(aq)+H2O(l),AlN(s)+3H2O(l)=NH3(g)+Al(OH)3(s),CaCN2(s)+3H2O(g)=2NH3(g)+CaCO3(s),priem.výroba-Haberova-Boschova syntéza-N2+3H2=2NH3,amónne soli-NH4+ (aq) +H2O(l)=NH3(aq)+H3O+(aq),NH4Cl(s)=(T)NH3(g)+HCl(g),NH4NO3(s)=(T)N2O(g)+2H2O,(NH4)2SO4(s)=(T)NH3(g)+NH4HSO4(s),(NH4)2CO3=(T)NH3(g)+NH4HCO3(s),NH4HCO3(s)=NH3(g)+CO2(g)+H2O(g),(NH4)2Cr2O7(s)=N2(g)+Cr2O3(s)+4H2O(g),výroba močoviny-NH4NCO(s)=(T) (NH2)2Co(s),Amidy-NH2--NH2-(aq)+H2O(l)=NH3(aq)+OH-(aq),Na(s)+NH3(g)=NaNH2(s)+1/2H2(g),Ca(s)+2NH3(l)=(FeCl2)Ca(NH2)2+KNO3(solv),Imidy-NH2-2LiNH2(s)=Li2NH (s) + NH3 (g),Ca(NH2)2(s)= CaNH (s)+ NH3(g),PbI2(solv)+2KNH2(solv)=PbNH(s)+2KI(solv)+NH3(l),Hydrazín-N2H4.
Zdroje: Anorganická chémia II. - FCHPT, STU