With the publication of THE SUN ALSO RISES his reputation as a novelist was established. Written in original style quickly influenced other writers. Then he published next collection of short stories MEN WITHOUT WOMEN and after his return to the USA he worked on A FAREWELL TO ARMS.

Hemingway also made many trips including several states in Africa. Drawing on the experiences of these African trips he wrote THE GREEN HILLS OF AFRICA, THE SNOWS OF KILIMANJARO and some others. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil War he went to Spain to gather material

for his work and out these experiences came a play THE FIFTH COLUMN and his longest novel FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS. The novel emphasizes the openess of humanity and the idea that a loss of liberty anywhere means loss of liberty everywhere. This idea is well expressed by the hero, Robert Jordan, as he is dying. Critics have described this novel as a study in "epic courage and compassion" and in it Hemingway reached the peak of his creative skill. WW2 saw Hemingway serving again in the role of war correspondent. After this war he settled in Cuba. During this period of life he talked with many of the fishermen. One story he heard gave him the idea for his short novel THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA. It is a story about Cuban fisherman who, after a run of bad luck, hooks a giant marlin. At the beginning, in one of Hemingway's great describtion, is the old man described through his eyes. Hemingway wrote that everything about him was old except his eyes. They where the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated. And the story of the old man's struggle with the fish, of his final victory which turns into defeat as sharks attact the catch and reduce it to a skeleton, ends with the words that a man can be destroyed but not defeated. For this work Hemingway received the Pulitzer Prize and in l954 the Swedish Academy awarded him the Nobel Prize for his powerful, style-forming mastery of the art of modern narration, as most recently revealed in The Old Man and the Sea.

Then became the last period of Hemingway's life and I personaly found it as the most important part of his life. He was a figure of heroic proportion. He lived very rugged life and it presented the public with an image of a superman. He started to drink an alcohol, he suffered fits of depression made worse by an increasingly serious stomach ailment. On July 2 l96l Hemingway comitted suicide.