Všetky vzorce potrebne k maturite z fyziky

1.s=vt v=s/t a=v/t v=a.t v=vo+at s=1/2at2 s=vot+1/2at2 s=1/2gt2 v=gt w=2p/T=2pf w=j/t [w]=rad.s-1 v=2pr/T = 2prf f=1/T ad = v2/r = vw = w2 r = 4 p2 f2 r = 4p2/ T2r

2. F = m a F = Dp / Dt F1 = - F2 p = m .v Fg = G = m. g Dp1 + Dp2 = 0 Ft = f Fn
Fd = - Fo F = m .ad = m v2r

3.W = F s P = W/t = F v Ek = ½ m v2 Ep = m g h W = Fg h Ek + Ep = E = konst.

4. Fg = c m1 m2 r2 6.67.10-11 N.m2.kg-2 K = Fg/m Fg = c m MZ (RZ + h)2 Fg =(c.m.MZ)/RZ2 FG = Fg + Fo FG = m g W = Fg (h1-h2) W = m .K(h1-h2) Ep = m. K .h jg = Ep m T12 / T22 = a13 / a23
zvislý: h = v2/2g th = v/g td = v/g
vodorovný: t = Ö2h/g d = vo Ö2h/g h = d2 g/2v2
šikmý vrh: th = vosin j/g td = 2th h = v2sin2 j/2g d = v2sin2 j/g

5. M = F. r M = M1+M2+...+Mn M1+M2+...+Mn=0 - momentová veta W = Fg ( r - h)
Eki = 1/2 Jw2 = 1/2 mi ri2 w2 J = miri2

6.P = F/S F1/ F2 = S1/ S2 W1 = F1. h1 Fvz = Vt Vk g hmotnostný tok-Qm = S .v.V W= FDx = pSDx = pDV
P = DW/DV p1 + 1/2 Vv12 = p2 + 1/2 Vv22 prúdiaca kvapalina-p1+1/2 V v12 = p2 v = 2Dp/V vytekajúca kvapalina-h V g = 1/2 V v2 v = 2hg F = C 1/2 V S v2

7.C = Q/DT c = C/m = Q/mDT c1 m1 ( t1 – t ) = c2 m2 ( t - t2 ) c1 m1 ( t1 - t) = c2 m2 ( t - t2 ) + C ( t - t2 )
DU = W + Q W = -W` Q = DU + W`

8. Ek = 1/2 mo (DN1 v12 + DN2 v22 +...+ Ni vi2 ) vk2 = DN1v12 + DN2v22 +...+ DNivi2 / N vk = 3 k T / mo k - Boltzmannova konštanta = 1.38.10-23 J.K-1 p = F / S Nv = N / V ( N -počet molekúl, V - objem)
p = 1/3Nv movk2 -základná rovnica pre tlak ideálneho plynu pV= 2 / 3 Ek.
pV = N k T Mm = M / n pV= m / MmNakT Rm = Nak = 8.31 J.K-1mol-1
pV = mNakT / Mm pV = n RmT p1V1/T1 = p2V2/T2 = p V/T
(p + a/ Vm2 )(Vm - b)=RmT Van der Waalsova stavová rovnica DU = W-Adiabatický dej
W`=pDV W`= p1DV+p2DV+...+pa DV Q = Q1-Q2 m=W`/Q1=Q1-Q2/Q1=1-Q2/Q1

9. dn = Fp / S da = Ee l = l1(1 + aDt) V = V1 (1 + b. Dt) b = 3a
10.DE= sDS F = sl h = 2s/rgR hrg =2s/R V = V1(1+b Dt)Dt r =r1(1-b Dt)
11. lt = Lt / m ls= Ls / m lv = Lv / m
12. Qe=1.602.10-19C Fe=kQ1Q2/r2 k=1/4pe E=Fe/Q je=W/Q` je=|E|d U=j-j0=|E|d W=QU C=Q/U C=e0S/d Q = CU W=1/2QU W = 1/2CU2 paralelné C=C1+C2 sériové 1/C=1/C1 + 1/C2

13.I=Q/t U=RI Ui
sériovo R= R1+R2 I=konšt. U=U1+U2 Wz=Ue.Q E=UQ Ue = U + Ui Ue=I(R+Ri) I=Ue/R+Ri U=Ue-Ri.I R=R0(1+aDT) Kirchhoffove zákony I-I1-I2-I3=0 A SUe=S Ri Ii W=U.Q W=U.I.t W = R.I2t = U2 t / R Q=W=U2 t / R-joulovo teplo Wz=UeQ=UeIt=UeUe/R+Rit Pz=Wz/t=UeI=(R+Ri)I2 hz=W/Wz=P/Pz

14. I = Ie+Id ß=(DICDIB)UCE=konšt 1.Faradazov zákon m = A Q = A I Dt A-elektrochem. ekvivalent A=m/Q=m0.Nv.S.vp.Dt/e.V.Nv.Svp.Dt A=m0NA/v e NA= Mm/v F 1/2mv2=e|E|l 1/2mv2=e|E|l=Ei

15. Fg = c m1 m2 r2 Fm=BIlsina Fm=kI1I2/d l=m0I1I2/2pd k=m0/2p B0=m0NI/l B=kI/d B=mB0 mr=m/m0 I=|Q|/t Fm=|Q|vBsina Fm=evBsina M=BISsina H=NI/l |Q|vBsin900=mv2/r

16.f=BScosa f=NBScosa Fm=evB Ei=Fm/|-e|=vB Ui=-Df/Dt f=LI
Ui=-Df/Dt=-LDI/Dt DEm=1/2f0I0=1/2LI02

17. u=Umsin wt i=Imsin wt Im=Um/R XL=Um/Im XL=wL XC=Um/Im XC=1/wC Z=Um/Im P=UI=RI2 p = Ri2 = R Im2 sin2 wt W=Pm/2T=1/2Im2RT P=W/T=1/2Pm=1/2Im2R I=Im/2=0.707Im U=Um/2=0.707Um P = UI cos j N1/N2= U1/U2=I2/I1

18. f=1/T y=ym sin wt w=2pT=2pf v=w ymcoswt a=-w2y y=ymsinw(t+t0)= ymsin(wt+wt0) y=ymsin(wt+j) y=y1+y2y+…+yk l=l0+Dl Fp=k(l-l0)=kDl k=Fp/Dl F=Fg-Fp=mg-k(Dl+y) F=-ky a=F/m=-ky/m a=-w02y w02=k/m T0=2pm/k f0=1k/2pm W=1/2Fy=1/2ky2 Ee=1/2QU

19. y=ymsin2p(t/T-x/l) j2-j1=2p/l(x2-x1)=2p/l d Fz=v/l=v/2l
fk=kfz I=P/S vt=(331,82+0,61{t})m.s-1 v=lf l=vT

20. y=ymsin2p(t/T-x/l) u=Umsin2p(t/T-x/l) v=c/odmer mr c=fl l=ct/2 l=ct

21. c=299792458 m.s-1 =3.108 m.s-1 sina/sinb=konšt. sina/sinb=v1/v2 n1sina=n2sinb 1/a+1/a’=2/r=1/f Z=y’/y Z=-f/(a-f)
Ohnisková vzdialenosť tenkej šošovky platí:1/f=(n2/n1-1)(1/r1+1/r2)
Zobrazovacia rovnica šošovky:1/a+1/a’=1/f
Pre vypuklé zrkadlo f<0,r<0.Keď a’>0 obraz je skutočný, keď a’<0 obraz je neskutočný.
Pre priečne zväčšenie šošovky dostaneme:Z=y’/y=-a’/a
Z<0 obraz je prevrátený inak priamy. |Z|=1 rovnako veľký, |Z|>1 zväčšený, |Z|<1 zmenšený

22. v=lf sina/sinb=n2/n1 ßč>ßf nčvf l=l0/n–l0 Dráhový rozdiel-Dl = 2nd +l/2 max dráhový rozdiel 2nd + l/2=2kl/2 min dráhový rozdiel 2nd +l/2=(2k+1) l/2 l=2rk2/ R(2k-1) sina=Dx/b E=W+Ek E=mc2 P=k/l
23.
24. E=Bjc2 ej=Ej/N A(t)=lN(t) N(t)=N(o)e-lt A(t)=A(o)e-lt N=mNa ln2/Mm T rok=p.107 s
25.

ct1=L+vt1 t1=L/(c-v) ct2=L-vt2 t2=L/(c+v) t0=2L/c (1/2cDt)2=L2+(1/2vDt)2

2L 1 u’ + v m0 m0 c2 1
Dt= -- ------- u=-------- m=-------- E=m c2 =---------- Ek=E – E0=mc2 – m0c2=m0c2(------- - 1)
c v2 u‘v v2 v2 v2
1+-- 1 + --- 1 - -- 1 - --- 1 - ---
c2 c2 c2 c2 c2

m0 v l = l0 1 - v2/c2 DE=Dmc2
p=mv= ---------
v2
1 - ---
c2.