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National parks In Britain And Slovakia
Dátum pridania: | 30.11.2002 | Oznámkuj: | 12345 |
Autor referátu: | chained | ||
Jazyk: | Počet slov: | 1 731 | |
Referát vhodný pre: | Stredná odborná škola | Počet A4: | 6.1 |
Priemerná známka: | 2.99 | Rýchle čítanie: | 10m 10s |
Pomalé čítanie: | 15m 15s |
These national parks are:
• Dartmoor (Designated - 1951)
• Exmoor (Designated - 1954)
• Lake District (Designated - 1951)
• Northumberland (Designated - 1956)
• North York Moors (Designated - 1952)
• Peak District (Designated - 1951)
• Yorkshire Dales (Designated - 1954)
• The Broads (Designated - 1989)
There are also 3 National Parks in Wales:
• Brecon Beacons (Designated - 1957)
• Pembrokeshire Coast (Designated - 1952)
• Snowdonia (Designated - 1951)
a) Ownership:
The name national park does not signify national ownership. Most of the land in national parks is in the hands of farmers and other private landowners. Some areas are managed by public bodies such as the Forestry Commission, the National Park Authorities or English Nature and some are managed by voluntary conservation organisations such as the National Trust.
Each national park is managed by its own National Park Authority, provided for under the Environment Act 1995. National Park Authorities are freestanding within the local government framework and are the sole local and mineral planning authority for their area. They prepare their own local plans and deal with all aspects of development control. Planning policies and decisions must give great weight to conservation of the natural beauty of the countryside, and major development should not take place save in exceptional circumstances.
b) Funding:
75% of the funding for the National Park Authorities comes from central Government with the remaining 25% coming via local authorities, through the Revenue Support Grant. National Park Authorities also take advantage, where possible, of Lottery and European grants and take part in collaborative projects, considerably enhancing the level of funding available.
In financial year 2001/2002, the Authorities will receive a total of Ł20.94 million in direct grant (National Park Grant and Broads Authority Grant).
2) Slovak National Parks:
In Slovakia, there are currently 7 national parks:
• The Tatras National Park (Designated – 1949)
• The Pieniny National Park (Designated – 1967)
• The Lower Tatras National Park (Designated – 1978)
• The Slovak Paradise national Park
• The Lesser Fatra National Park
• The Muran Plain National Park (Designated – 1997)
• The Poloniny National Park (Designated – 1997)
a) Ownership:
The state owns the largest part of the area of the national parks. Other parts of the land are in property of private proprietors, communities and different organisations.
b) Funding:
Slovak national parks are mostly funded by the central Government and by local authorities.
IV. Comparison of the Tatras National Park and The Lake District National Park:
1) The Lake District National Park was created under the provisions of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 and came into being on the 15 August 1951. Covering 880 square miles, it is the largest, most spectacular and most visited of Britain's 11 National Parks.
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