Archaeological remains dating from the neolithic period, from bronze age and the age of great nations´ migration, found near Lučenec, Breznička, Prša, Ábelová, Halič and Fiľakovo document the region being settled by pre-historic people already. Lučenec, Fiľakovo, Poltár and many other localities were found mentioned in documents dating back as far as to the 13th century A.D. In 1241 the region suffered from invasion of the Tatar tribes.
Lučenec and the areas adjacent played an important role during the Hussite revolutionary movement. The Hussite Jan Jiskra from Brandýs resided at the nearby situated Halič castle. The famous battle at Lučenec, fought in 1451, is immortalized in Alois Jirásek´s “Brotherhood” titled trilogy. In the middle of the 15th century the “brothers” forces, representing radical revolutionary wing of the Hussite movement, operated all over the district. “The brothers” founded also several villages, as documented in surviving names of villages as Praha, České Brezovo, and the like.
The second half of the 16th century (1553 – 1570) was marked by 40 years long Turkish domination; the Turkish forces conquered Divín, Fiľakova and Halič castles first, then they gradually occupied the whole region. Both 17th and the 18th century were characterized by estatial struggles and antifeudal rebellions. In 1662 Lučenec was burnt down. In the course of anti-Habsburg rebellions of F. Rákoczi II., culminating between 1703 – 1709, the population took part in struggle against the feudal lords, too. The years introducing the 20th century were, owing to unfavourable living conditions, marked by emigration of masses to almost all European countries, but mostly to the oversea regions. World War I badly tormented the country population as app 1500 local people were killed at various battlefields. In June 1919 the region was incorporated into the Slovak Republic of Councils. Twenty years of the pre-Munich bourgeois republic provoked the people to continue in their struggle against being sweated and also to fight for “ job and bread”; the struggle was organized by the Communist Party-led working class. The first local organizations of the Communist Party were established as early as in 1921, namely at Lučenec, Poltár, Kalinovo, etc.
The 1938 bourgeois and allies` treason resulted in Nazi supremacy over the region. Its southern parts were occupied by the Horthy forces, north was, on the other hand, governed by Tiso`s fascist clique. Significant volume of the district population but never agreed with the Nazi politics; the fact reflected in their participation in the Slovak National Uprising.