A spear, boomerangs, shields, digging sticks were made of wood, but the Aboriginals people had a detailed knowledge of the enviroment and of the behavior and lifecycles of animals and plants. In the past they did not have clocks or numerical calendars and used the changes in the enviroment to tell them when it was the right time for certain activities. Theyhad and still havea unique perception of the seasons in any enviroment. In the tropical north, for example, the Aborigines identify six seasons, when non-Aboriginals usually see only two – the Wet and the Dry. The seasons mark different phases of weather, winds, rains, tides, and the coming and going of animals and plants.
Traditionally, they believe, that the land was a gift from the Creator of the Dreamtime. The ancestral spirits came up out of the earth and down from the sky to walk on the land and they shaped its rocks, rivers, mountains, forests and deserts; they also created all the people, animal and plants. According to the tradition, peple are born of the spirit that inhabits the land, and that on dying they will return to the soil to be born again. Each person is thought to be descended from something in Nature, such as plant or an animal, and this becomes his or her ´totem´. Each totem has its own taboos and rules of behavior. The elders prescribed the spiritual form of ceremonial life, particuralry in the initation, marriage and burial rituals. The beliefs and traditions of Aboriginal people are reflected in Aboriginal art. In Australia there are traditions of painting and engraving on rock. Some engravings and paintings are thousand years old , other are relatively recent and are part of living tradition. The drawings, usually in red ochre, show elegant, graceful, stick-like human figures in action, fighting, running, dancing, leaping and hunting. The Aboriginal painters used ears colors – reds, browns and yellows, blac and white – from natural ingredients. Aborigines made a pictures of a wide variety of subjects including mythical beings, humans, birds, animals, fish, reptiles and animal tracks as well as more abstract designs. Many of them were connected with religion, ritual and ceremony. However, many paintings contain a vivid record of the daily life of the people who created them. Besides, the rocks painting and engraving, there is also the tradition of sculpture and carving producing items of wood, clay and fiber.