And so in the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644 Cromwell’s New Model Army gratefully defeated Cavalier forces: "TRULY ENGLAND AND THE CHURCH OF GOD HATH HAD A GREAT FAVOUR FROM THE LORD, IN THIS GREAT VICTORY GIVEN US."ă All provisions, which Cromwell applied for were consented and the New Model Army was accepted under the leadership of Thomas Fairfax (silent, stuttering man, but fiery soldier). Cromwell was the second in Command (affected by his own restriction – Self Denying Ordinance) and leader of the cavalry. Fights against Cavalier lasted until 1645. In the Battle at Naseby in 1645 Cavalier were absolutely defeated. The glory of a New Model Army grew up as the glory of Oliver Cromwell. Once, when he was painted by Peter Lely, he told him: "MR LELY, I DESIRE YOU WOULD USE ALL YOUR SKILL TO PAINT YOUR PICTURE TRULY LIKE ME, AND NOT FLATTER ME AT ALL; BUT REMARK ALL THESE ROUGHNESS, PIMPLES, WARTS, AND EVERYTHING AS YOU SEE ME; OTHERWISE I WILL NEVER PAY A FARTHING FOR IT."ă
Under the leadership of Fairfax and Cromwell, army won everything. And this fact helped to parliament, because thanks to that army parliament started to have bigger power than the King had. But Charles I. refused to admit defeat. Therefore when the next year army attacked Oxford, King surrendered to the Scotland. After very short time army started to be very uncomfortable for the Parliament and they did anything to dismissed it or let only few soldiers necessary for possible attacks. After this fact, Cromwell lost all beliefs in Parliament and he again wanted to co-operate with the King. But Charles refused. He planned the war against Cromwell, but his entire attempts were destroyed. In 20 January, 1949 started the process with the King of England, Charles I. The verdict was: execution of the English King. The only Cromwell’s words were:"CRUEL NECESSITY".ă This event caused the beginning of Cromwell’s reign. After the death of Charles I., Scotland and Ireland wanted to assist Charles II. to secure all his thrones. But Cromwell defeated first Ireland and than also Scotland (under the leadership of Charles II.) in the Battle of Worcester in 1651. The next step was, that in November 1648 he reduced the Long Parliament to a “Rump” parliament (removal of 110 members of Parliament by Cromwell’s army, with another 160 members). In March 1649 the Rump Parliament abolished monarchy, Privy Council, Courts of Exchquer and Adiralty and also the House of Lords with words that they are useless, difficult and dangerous for freedom of people. Cromwell created the Council of State under the chairmanship of John Bradshaw. After the war, Cromwell took less interest in Cambridge, but he was much more interested about Oxford and therefore he became a chancellor there from 1651 to 1657.