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Streda, 25. decembra 2024
The American Indians
Dátum pridania: 26.05.2003 Oznámkuj: 12345
Autor referátu: Tienka
 
Jazyk: Angličtina Počet slov: 5 799
Referát vhodný pre: Stredná odborná škola Počet A4: 19.1
Priemerná známka: 2.96 Rýchle čítanie: 31m 50s
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The history of population was similar to that of Eastern Woodlands , but it was settled little later. People of the Southeast are Cherokee , the Chocotaw , the Chickasaw , the Creek , and the Seminole. The Nachez also lived in that area but their culture was destroyed by Europeans in the 18th century. The tribes I mention are not all tribes who lived in that area but they are the most civilized five tribes of the Southeast area.

The Plains.

The Plains of North America are the grasslands from central Canada , south to Mexico and from the Midwest westward to the Rocky Mountains. Major source of food in this area were bisons , all until they were exterminated in 1880. People were mostly nomadic bands that moved as the herds moved , but agricultural towns were also built.
These people have become well known as the stereotyped Indians. They lived in Tepee (the conical tent built around several long branches or wooden poles that meet and cross at the top), in ceremonies they used the ceremonial pipe , costumes , and they danced. Indians from this area were different in their way of life from the other Indian tribes. Characteristics of these tribes were usually used for films or cartoons , and because of that everyone thinks of Indians that they were savage and not civilized people.
Among early Plains peoples were the Black foot , who were bison hunters , and the Mandan and Hidatsa , who were Missouri River agriculturalists. When Europeans came , many tribes from the Eastern Woodlands moved to the Plains area.

The California-Intermountain area

In the mountain region and in valleys of Utah , Nevada and California , were pine forests and grasslands. Their archaic way of life (hunting deer , and mountain sheep , fishing and harvesting pine nuts and wild grains) developed by 8000 BC and stayed the same until the year 1850 AD. Their way of living was simple. Villages were simple with thatched houses. The technology of getting and storing food was sophisticated. Basketry was also developed , and the resource of trade was shell money.
Best-known people of the Intermountain Great Basin area are the Paiute and Shoshone. Tribes of California region are the Klamath , the Modoc , and the Yurok. The Pomo , the Maidn , Miwok , Patwin and the Wintun are from central region.

The Plateau Region

Here into this region are included Idaho , eastern Oregon and Washington , western Montana and part of Canada. There are mountains covered with evergreen forests and separated by grassy valleys.
 
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Zdroje: Encyklopédia historie sveta – Kingfisher Publication , Londýn 1999, Mexička I srednjoamerička mitologija – Irene Nicholson , 1967, Aztékovia, ríša krvi a lesku – Time Life Books , 1992, Mythology (an illustrated Encyclopedia) – Richard Cavenidsch , 1980, Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia – 2002, National Geographic (1491 America before Columbus) – October , 1991
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